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One decision does not make an entire justice system

In light of the High Court decision to appeal George Pell’s child sexual abuse convictions, critics have shifted their attention to putting the Victorian justice system on trial. Lawyers Weekly looked into why criminal justice is not threatened by the system that created it.

user iconNaomi Neilson 14 April 2020 Big Law
Wendy Harris QC and Sam Pandya
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It did not take long for the supporters of Cardinal Pell to rejoice at the High Court decision, and for critics to shift their blame to the Victorian legal system. Whether the decision was ultimately welcomed or not, the courts system as it stands in Victoria should not now face trial by public scrutiny, according to the state’s major legal bodies.

Law Society of Victoria president Sam Pandya told Lawyers Weekly that these attacks on the justice system “are regrettable and destabilising” and added it was unfortunate if any commentary leads to a loss of faith in the justice system and the right to a fair trial.

President of the Victorian Bar Association, Wendy Harris QC, mirrored this. Ms Harris told Lawyers Weekly that the decision does not imply there is anything wrong with the system.

Following the High Court decision, the Law Council of Australia (LCA) cautioned critics to tread lightly in its reporting and to not write this off as a problem in the legal system.

“On the contrary, [there is] nothing in the Pell case [that] has overturned or diminished the crucial and primary responsibility of juries, nor judges, to determine whether an accused person is guilty of an offence,” LCA president Pauline Wright said in a statement.

LCA added that it hopes this decision alone does not deter victims of sexual abuse from coming forward to tell their stories and “seek justice for past wrongs they have suffered”.

Pell matter should not put Victorian system on trial
The High Court decision in Cardinal Pell’s matter was “an example of the justice system at work [and] this matter went through the courts at each level”. From the Magistrates Court, from the County Court and from the Court of Appeal, “the right to a fair trial was in evidence”.

Whether supportive or critical of the Pell matter, Mr Pandya clarified that if one party was not satisfied with an outcome in their trial, there is always the right to an appeal. That was what Cardinal Pell did. Mr Pandya added that the High Court was not critical of lower courts but came to a different view: “Reasonable minds can always disagree.”

“The appeals process all the way to the High Court is not an example of failure, but of the justice system giving careful and detailed consideration to the issues at hand,” Mr Pandya said. “The High Court took a different view from lower courts. It is the ultimate authority.”

Ms Harris said what the matter saw was the decision of the Victorian Court of Appeal from one standpoint and the High Court of Australia on the other, but that this is simply an example of the “ordinary and proper functioning of the checks and balances” in the system.

“Disagreement between courts and individual judges [happens] routinely,” Ms Harris said.

“In many cases, the High Court agrees with the decision of the appellate courts. In some cases, including this one, it doesn’t. That does not imply there is something ‘wrong’ with the Victorian justice system. It reflects a difference of views.

“Difference of views between courts and judges has – over centuries – been critical in the shaping of common law and it is an important part of a healthy justice system.”

Do not compare George Pell with Nicola Gobbo when judging Victoria
The most highly criticised cases before the Victorian legal system – in the media and from social media – is this High Court decision and the Lawyer X saga. Somehow, this has led to the idea that the Victorian courts are now on trial, like sex abuse convictions and Nicola Gobbo’s informing (which was kept quiet from the courts) are at all related.

“There is nothing in common between the George Pell decision and Nicola Gobbo’s matter. One was a criminal trial on historical sexual offences, which went through committal, two County Court trials, Court of Appeal and ultimately the High Court,” Mr Pandya explains.

There is only one small similarity. In the days leading up to Lawyer X being exposed due to her police informing, senior members of the force said in emails that it would be covered up by Cardinal Pell’s news. Now, it does not do well to combine the stories.

“There is, simply, no comparison,” Ms Harris told Lawyers Weekly. “The Pell decision was a function of a justice system that was operating properly. It is not particularly unusual for people who are convicted of a crime to appeal successfully to the High Court.

“The Nicola Gobbo situation is entirely different. There, a lawyer who knew well what her obligations were to keep information she learned from her clients confidential, breached those obligations. These are obligations that are critical to maintaining trust.”

Why we need to stand with the courts in this time, not against them
The current global health pandemic has left several critical systems in unease. If anything, now is not the time to turn from the Victorian legal system as it manages cases amid the coronavirus (COVID-19) social distancing restrictions.

“The Victorian legal system and its role in upholding the rule of law and administering this justice is more critical than ever in the present, troubled times…. The courts are conscious that the community needs the wheels of justice to keep turning, and especially to ensure that the system is able to deal with important cases,” Ms Harris said.

“We need to support our judges, our courts, those across the legal profession and police, as their work is critical to keeping us as a community safe and functioning.”

Mr Pandya said the community should continue to have faith in the ability of juries to get cases right after hearing the evidence, despite this High Court decision: “Neither juries or judges are infallible and that is why we have an appeals system.”

“The Victorian justice system is robust. It has checks and balances,” Mr Pandya said. “It would be disappointing if the current commentary created a perception that the right to a fair trial has been compromised. It has not.”

Naomi Neilson

Naomi Neilson

Naomi Neilson is a senior journalist with a focus on court reporting for Lawyers Weekly. 

You can email Naomi at: naomi.neilson@momentummedia.com.au

Comments (14)
  • Avatar
    'It is not particularly unusual for people who are convicted of a crime to appeal successfully to the High Court.'
    It is difficult and expensive to appeal to the HCA and wrongful convictions are not always quashed, as in I think Chamberlain v The Queen. This nonsense is from Chamberlain v The Queen '... Mrs. Chamberlain took Azaria into the car, sat in the front passenger seat and cut the baby's throat..'
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    Maybe if the Vic DPP had some evidence such as forensics or a live witness, rather than an alleged dead one, they could have made a stronger case rather than with merely circumstantial evidence? Two out of three appeal judges agreed with this nonsense, so HE Pell AO was handcuffed and jailed.
    0
  • Avatar
    Political appointments sometimes work and sometimes do not work. Judges who have never conducted a criminal trial sometimes make good judges and sometimes do not. Some lawyers have no experience in criminal law but presume to speak on the competency of others in that discipline. Just imagine the number of people who have been wrongly convicted and did not have the Cardinal's resources. Hopkins correctional centre is full of them.
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    Dr Terry Dwyer, Dwyer Lawyers Tuesday, 14 April 2020
    One is surprised if the Victorian Bar Association and Law Society governing bodies see no problem with how the Victorian legal system worked or did not work.
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    Critics of the way Pell’s case was handled in Victoria in the lower Courts ( and I assume on logical grounds these are the critics referred to by the writer) haven’t criticised the jury itself but the fact Victoria doesn’t have an option for an accused to seek a Judge alone trial in a case where the media investigation by the ABC ran parallel to the police investigation and the Lynch mob mentality was running so high any jury could not but have been influenced.

    Critics of the lower Court decisions are rightfully concerned why the two majority Judges got the burden of proof test so wrong and rightfully refer to the lack of experience in criminal law matters of both CJ Ferguson and J Maxwell. The 7-0 HC verdict was emphatic and damming on the Appeal Court.

    Critics of the legal process in this case refer to the shoddy work of the police in failing to investigate the 23 alibi witnesses with no axe to grind that meant It was almost impossible for Pell to have been alone after mass.

    Critics of the legal process refer to the role of the DPP in continuing the case after two knockbacks of the police brief when presented with the alibi evidence by the defence before the trial - the same evidence that went unchallenged in the initial trial.

    One could believe any of these issues alone would not be unusual in a case but there are questions to be asked as to political interference or police motives when all of these issues arise in one case.

    -1
  • Avatar
    As in a lot of high profile cases the high court overrules every other court decision because they can, simple as that, its all about egos and interoperating the law to suit themselves. They do it because they want it to look like every other judge, jury and court are incompetent and they the high court Judges are superior. What a joke our so called Justice system is, Victims not once but twice.
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    Here’s a vote of no confidence whatsoever.
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    These defenders of the wondrous and amazing Victorian legal system and its wonderful and incorruptible police force will next be telling us that failure in Criminal Law 101 will. be a prerequisite for admission to the profession because beyond all reasonable doubt is a dead white Man’s dogma inconsistent with “Believe the victim”. What tosh.
    3
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    Whether or not it is your house style, referring to a cleric, let alone a cardinal, as 'Mr' is disrespectful to him and all believers. Would you be equally rude to a non-Christian cleric? Would you call a nun 'Ms' instead of 'Sr'? Would you refer to 'Father Bob' as 'Mr Bob'? Is it just clerics you don't like that get the 'Mr' treatment? Is Pope Francis 'Mr Bergoglio' in Lawyers' Weekly stories?

    The article glosses over the lack of faith the public should have in Victoria Police, not just the courts. The Lawyer X scandal is not just that a lawyer breached her obligations to her clients, it is that the Victorian Police thought it was appropriate to pay her to do so and to use the evidence obtained for prosecutions. They advertised for complainants to come forward against Cardinal Pell before there was a single complaint against him. Very glad I don't live in Victoria.
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    This decision is absolutely an indictment on the poor quality of the Victorian legal system. Someone at the Victorian DPP needs to explain to taxpayers why millions of dollars was poured into prosecuting an innocent man with such flimsy evidence, and then continuing to defend it all the way through to the High Court of Australia. Surely resignations should be involved somewhere here. The majority Court of Appeal judges should be embarrassed by the unanimous High Court result, they were clearly out of their depth. A total vindication for Weinberg J, who as all experienced criminal lawyers know, wrote the far more reasoned judgement.
    8
    • Avatar
      You can’t tell me there weren’t backdoor political nudges being given. No public servant does this sort of thing without the Minister giving a green light. What have the cops got on the ALP Government and vice versa? It was so bad a case you must think the DPP was pushed to run it - or are they that stupid or ideological or all three things were happening?
      1
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